Here is another FAQ compiled by a Japanese person (this person also offered from recipes which are not included here. Frankly, I am not sure if Chinese eat konjac in the same gelatinous form):Different Chinese Names for konnyaku蒟蒻（学名：Amorphophalms konjac），又称蒟蒻芋，俗称魔芋、雷公枪、菎蒟，中国古代又称妖芋，自古以来蒟蒻就有“去肠砂”之称， 日本又称菎蒻，又名蒻头（开宝本草）、鬼芋（图经本草）、花梗莲（江西新建）、虎掌（江西万年）、花伞把（江西定南）、蛇头根草（江西丰城）、花杆莲、麻芋子（陕西）、野磨芋、花杆南星、土南星（江西）、南星、天南星（广西河池）、花麻蛇（云南思茅），多年生宿根性块茎草本植物魔芋AnorphophalluskonjacK.Koch，以球状块茎入药。夏秋采挖，除去地上茎叶及须根，洗净，阴凉处风干。 性味归经：辛，寒。有毒。Medicinal Properties功能主治：消肿散结，解毒止痛。用于肿瘤，颈淋巴结结核；外用治痈疖肿毒，毒蛇咬伤。用法用量：3～5钱，大量可以用至1两（须煎3小时后方能服用）；外用适量，捣烂敷患处。备注：（1）同属植物尚有下列两种同供药用。花杆莲（花麻蛇）AmcrphophallusrivieriDurieu；蛇枪头AmorphophallusdunniiTutch.。摘录：《全国中草药汇编》魔芋是一种多年生草木植物。地下块茎为扁球形，个大，叶柄粗壮，园柱形，淡绿色，有暗紫色斑，掌状复叶，生长在疏林下，具有散毒、养颜、通脉、降压、减肥、开胃等多功能。据《本草纲目》记载，2000多年前我们的祖先就用魔芋来治病。魔芋含有十六种氨基酸，十种矿物质微量元素和丰富的食物纤维，对防治结肠癌、乳腺癌有特效；魔芋低热、低脂、低糖，对预防和治疗肥胖症，高血压，糖尿病的人群可以说是一种上等的既饱口福、又治病健体的食品，还可以防治多种肠胃消化系统的多种常见慢性疾病，由此可见，魔芋是一种“天赐良药”，食用起来有百利而无一害。Main Uses:Swelling reduction, pain alleviation, and pain reduction. Internal ingestion can help in the cases of tumors or tuberculosis of cervical lymph nodes. Topical application treats carbuncles, boils and snake/bug bites.According to Chinese medicines, konjac is a basic substance (as opposed to acidic) that can detoxify the body, improve complexion, reduce blood pressure, and stimulate appetite.
The quintessential Japanese foods that (may) help you lose weight, are konnyaku and shirataki. Both are made from the same substance, the corm of the konnyaku or konjac plant, also known as the Devil's Tongue plant. Shirataki is also known as konnyaku noodles, to further confuse things, but I prefer to call it shirataki, which means "white waterfall". It's basically konnyaku shaped like long thin noodles.
Konnyaku is about as close to a zero-calorie food as you can get. No wonder, since it's about 97% water. The remaining 3% is mostly fiber in the form of a viscous substance called glucomannan, plus some traces of protein, starch and minerals like calcium. It's the glucomannan that makes it so interesting as a weight loss food though. A big block of konnyaku has about 10 calories, but it's very filling. It's long been called a 'broom for the stomach' (胃のほうき） in Japan because of that.
While there are several kinds of konnyaku available in Japan, outside of Japan we can usually only get ita konnyaku, basic slabs of konnyaku. Some konnyaku are white and translucent, and some are grey. Transclucent/white konnyaku is plain konnyaku made from dessicated konnyaku powder, while the grey kind is usually grey because of the addition of a powdered seaweed called arame.
True konnyaku made from raw ground up konnyaku corms, called nama-konnyaku(raw konnyaku), is actually quite grey, and the seaweed-added grey industrial konnyaku is meant to look like that. (It's still made in some areas of Saitama prefecture and other places. My mother is from Saitama and I remember those grey, rather rough konnayku showing up a lot for dinner at my grandmother's house.) Other types of konnyaku mostly seen just in Japan include sashimi konnyaku, which is konnyaku with various flavorful additives in it like powdered nori or citrus skin (mostly yuzu, but other citrus too), ito konnyaku, thick noodle-shaped konnyaku similar to shirataki but slightly thicker, and tama konnyaku, ball-shaped konnyaku. This Japanese page on a konnyaku manufacturer's site has pictures of these.
There is very little difference in flavor or texture between industrial white and grey konnyaku, so it's mostly a matter of aesthetics. I like the grey kind myself, but that's probably because I grew up eating the real grey kind.
Konnyaku itself has very little flavor. It's the texture that will either be interesting or completely off-putting to the eater. It's gelatinous and firm, rather like agar-agar (kanten) but firmer and a bit rubbery. Since it has little flavor of its own, and because it's almost all water, it takes on the flavor of whatever it's cooked in. So, if the texture is okay for you you can add it to all kinds of food for the added almost-no-calorie bulk to fill up those spaces in your belly.
Shirataki has been getting some attention in the U.S. recently because it's noodle-shaped, and there seems to be this obsession with finding noodle and pasta-shaped food that isn't so high in calories and carbs as the real thing, like spaghetti squash strands (which are nothing like pasta either). A lot of people are disappointed when they actually try the shirataki because the texture is nothing like pasta and noodles made from flour. But again - it's a matter of getting used to it perhaps.
[Edit:]Note that there is something called "Tofu Shirataki" or "Noodle Tofu" sold byHouse Foods America - this is made from tofu and konnyaku yam. It's a little bit higher in calories. They're not the shirataki I'm talking about here, which are called "Yam Shirataki" or "Yam Noodles" - these say they have 5 calories or so per 100g. "Tofu Shirataki" is not very traditional, but shirataki has been around for centuries. You can however use "Tofu Shirataki" in most recipes that call for plain shirataki.
I happen to like konnyaku better than shirataki, because shirataki is often so thin that it's almost not there. Konnyaku is substantial enough to get your teeth into.
More recent konnyaku innovations include sweet konnyaku jellies, chewy gummy-like konnyaku chips, and grain shaped konnyaku to mix in with rice so that you are fooled into thinking you're eating rice while taking in less calores.
How to prepare konnyaku and shirataki for cooking
Both konnyaku and shirataki come packed in water - no wonder, since they are mostly water anyway. Open the package in a bowl or over the sink. The water will smell a odd; drain it all away. Drain away the liquid in the bag, rinse the konnyaku or shirataki briefly under cold running water, then blanch in boiling water for about a minute, or until the water comes up to a boil and drain well before using. This step cannot be missed, or that 'odd' flavor will linger on your konnyaku or shirataki! If you can let the konnyaku or shirataki sit for a while to dry out more, it will taste better.
Shirataki may need to be cut up into manageable lengths. Konnyaku can either be cut up into cubes or slices, or torn apart into rough chunks with your hands. The torn chunks are good for putting into soups or stews, since the rough surfaces help to absorb more flavor. For stir-frying, sautéeing and such the cubes or chunks allow for more surface to be in contact with the hot pan.
The longer konnyaku cooks, the more it takes on flavors. It's really like a sponge in that sense.
The easiest way to try konnyaku is to put some small pieces into a well flavored soup or stew. Putting some chunks into miso soup is a good place to start - just be sure to cook the konnyaku in the dashi stock for a while, so the flavors can penetrate. Traditionally shirataki is put into sukiyaki and mizutaki, both of which are flavorful sort of stews. It's also put into small bags made from fried tofu (aburaage) which are put into an oden, another kind of stew with lots of fish cakes, root vegetables and so on in it.
Some caveats
Since konnyaku is almost zero-calorie, high fiber and very filling. But since it has no significant nutrients other than fiber, be sure not to overuse it. A well known Japanese journalist and writer in the 1960s called Soichi Ohyake was rumored to have died of malnutrition after attempting to lose weight by eating excessive amounts of konnyaku!
If you're serving konnyaku to kids (if they'll eat it...) make sure that the pieces are small enough, and that they chew it well, before attempting to swallow. This was a problem a few years ago with sweet konnyaku jellies that could get stuck in the throat - since konnyaku is so glutinous it was considered to be a choking hazard. (Konnyaku jellies nowadays are manufactured in smaller or different shapes to avoid this, but they have been banned in the United States and Canada.)
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